O novo rosto da discriminação: racismo algorítmico e a invisibilidade do povo negro na inteligência artificial

Abstract

This research analyzes how technology, particularly artificial intelligence, reproduces historical racial inequalities in new forms. It adopts a historical approach to demonstrate how slavery, scientific racism, the ideology of whitening, and the myth of racial democracy have structured exclusions that remain present in Brazilian society. In the digital realm, it becomes evident that algorithms are not neutral but rather reflect the choices of their developers and the corporations that control them. Digital platforms, by personalizing content through recommendation and ranking systems, often reinforce stigmas, render Black individuals invisible, or expose them in stereotypical ways. Concepts such as algorithmic racism and data colonialism are discussed to show how the massive collection and use of information sustain global power hierarchies and deepen the technological marginalization of Black populations. On the legal front, the study examines Brazilian and international legislation on algorithmic discrimination. Although the 1988 Constitution and specific statutes guarantee fundamental rights, gaps persist regarding the regulation of artificial intelligence, system transparency, and the accountability of technology companies. Foreign experiences, such as the European regulatory model, provide relevant references for strengthening the national legal framework. The study concludes that without critical engagement and effective regulation, artificial intelligence tends to perpetuate racial injustices. Addressing this scenario requires inclusive public policies, robust regulatory instruments, and historical awareness, so that technology may become a tool for social equity.