Impacto de desastres naturais na educação básica do Rio de Janeiro: evidências dos deslizamentos de terra de 2011

Abstract

This study evaluates the impact of the series of landslides that occurred on January 11, 2011 in the mountainous region of Rio de Janeiro, considered the worst natural disaster in Brazil, on the education of children and adolescents. We investigated the effect of disasters on four outcomes: dropout rates, truancy, interschool migration, and grade repetition. To define the group of students affected, we used a database that identifies, through the processing of satellite images retrieved through Google Earth, 2,979 points of landslides, together with a georeferenced database of schools in the region. Fixed radius of 3 km were defined for each landslide point and we considered that all students enrolled in schools located within one of the radius were affected by landslides. Using a difference-in-differences model, we found an increase in the failure rate of students in the first ycar after the disaster. This effect is greater when we observe men, blacks and browns.