Perfil do trauma de face em idosos atendidos em hospital público do Distrito Federal

Abstract

The aging of the population and the marked inclusion of the elderly in the economically active portion have been increasing their participation in trauma and accidents, including the face. The objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence, etiology and treatment of face trauma in the elderly population of the Federal District. This is a retrospective quantitative descriptive study, using electronic records (Trackcare System) of elderly patients (≥60 years), attended at the emergency room of a public tertiary hospital of the Federal District (Federal District Base Hospital Institute-IHBDF) , during the years 2016 and 2017, due to face trauma. As a result, 139 (5.8%) of the 2382 medical records of patients with face trauma were elderly, 87 (62.5%) men and 52 (37.5%) women. The main factor responsible for face trauma was the fall, in both the male and the female. The age range between 60 and 69 years, men and women, was the one that presented the greatest variation of etiological agents. There was no difference in frequency (%) traumas in the distribution between the sexes (p = 0.45). Contusion on the face was the main diagnosis of facial trauma (25.2%), followed by mandible fracture (16.5%) and fracture of the zygomatic complex (15.8%). When analyzing the 6 main types of facial traumas separated by sex and age group, only the contusion did not show a significant difference (p = 0.20) between the studied groups. The conservative treatment was the most adopted in the emergency department of Buccomaxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology. The conservative treatment was the most adopted in the emergency department of Oral Surgery and Bucomaxillofacial Traumatology. As conclusion of this study, it is verified that the fall, facial contusion and conservative treatment are etiologic agent, diagnosis and treatments, respectively, more adopted by the surgeons in the hospital emergency room