A construção de barragens e os instrumentos norteadores de planejamento e gestão ambiental para a minimização dos conflitos sócio-ambientais

Abstract

The construction of hydroeletric power plants inevitably displays conflicts Actually, they bring changes and the environmental planner must have the hability to foresee these changes and find ways to minimize impacts, viewing them as improvement opportunities. This dissertation sought to demonstrate that traditionally, power generation has resulted in the compulsory migration of the population, and therefore sought to verify if the public authorities, as public policies sponsors, have fulfilled its mission, described in official documents, the mitigation of social and economic issues generated by the construction of hydroelectric power plants, specifically the local authorities of the municipality of Palmas, TO, related to the construction of the hydroelectric power plant of Lageado. The adopted methodology included interviews with the affected community, the IBAMA (Enviromental Brazilian Institute), with the entrepreneur and with government agencies like ANEEL (National Agency for Electric Energy), and lately made use of content analisys to systematise the data obtained. The energy issue has direct relationship with sustainability and environmental protection. Therefore, the use of more efficient energy-using technologies and insertion of for environmental educational programs aimed for the rational and secure use of electric energy must be part of the environmental planning. This theme is justified by the general concern about relating the process of environmental licensing to the construction of hydrelectric power plants, since traditional populations are removed from their original regions, and the displacement of these populations brings several consequences, including a great impoverishment and changes in their ways of life. The present research also referes to instruments such as the Federal Constitution, Agenda 21, the Habitat II Agenda and the Cities Status to guide the process of building and licensing hydroelectric power plants in order to minimise the social and environmental conflicts of these enterprises.